Assessment of Students' Cognitive Achievement in Discus Throwing Effectiveness According to Multiple Intelligences

Abstract

The process of student achievement is influenced by many factors, educational theories, models, and scientific laws. Therefore, researchers must investigate these factors, identify them, and determine their importance. Among these factors are multiple intelligences, as students vary significantly in their mental abilities, including their intelligence, knowledge, skills, and the methods they use in cognitive achievement. Mental processes, including intelligence, are fundamental variables that greatly affect the level of cognitive achievement.

The study aimed to:

• Classify the sample according to the nature of the multiple intelligences they possess.
• Identify the current state of students' cognitive achievement in the discus throw event.
• Establish standardized scores and levels for students' cognitive achievement in the discus throw event.

The researchers employed the descriptive method using the survey approach and standardized scores. The research population consisted of second-year students at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences – University of Babylon for the academic year 2024–2025, totaling 210 students. The main research sample was selected from them, consisting of 72 students.

In light of the results, the conclusions were as follows:

- The sample showed varied proportions according to multiple intelligences, distributed across six types.

- The sample achieved varied percentages in the standardized levels of cognitive achievement according to the multiple intelligences possessed by the individuals in the sample, with dual intelligence having the highest percentage in the good level.

- The nature of intelligence had a clear effect on determining the level of cognitive achievement in the discus throw event.