The effectivenessiveness of an arbitration course using visual communication on the knowledge output of Arab fencing referees

Abstract

   This study aimed to know the effectiveness of the information of the arbitration course conducted by the Arab Fencing Confederation on the knowledge outcome of the Arab referees. The sample was (42) Arab referees of various arbitral levels, pre- posttest, conducting, the results showed that the effectiveness of the information which is given during the arbitral session was limited in enhancing the knowledge output as a result of the shortness of the session. And that there is no positive impact of differences in the (degree of arbitration, region, and experience of arbitration) on the outcome of knowledge of the fencing rules among Arab referees. The researchers recommended the necessity of continuing to hold development and promotion courses for Arab referees of various degrees and countries by the Arab Fencing confederation to develop their knowledge according to the information and changes that occur in the international fencing rules, as well as to benefit from the cognitive test prepared by the researchers, whether in Arabic or English in the tests performs by The Arab Confederation or the Arab National Fencing Federations.